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Renewable resources are characterized by their ability to be replenished naturally over time, which is a key distinction from non-renewable resources. Renewable resources, such as solar energy, wind energy, and biomass, are derived from natural processes that are continuously available, or can be renewed within a human time scale. For example, forests can regrow after harvesting, and solar energy can be harnessed continuously without depletion.

Conversely, non-renewable resources, such as fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) and minerals, exist in finite amounts and cannot be replaced once they are consumed. The extraction of these resources often leads to their depletion, as natural processes that may form them occur over millions of years and do not occur at a rate that matches human consumption.

The distinction lies fundamentally in the replenishment ability; renewable resources can be sustained through responsible management and usage, while non-renewable resources face depletion and can lead to scarcity. This understanding is crucial for developing sustainable practices and strategies to ensure long-term resource availability.